Pharmacodynamics
Sat, 11/03/2007 - 10:47 — oxygen
PHARMACODYNAMICS: how the drug effects the body
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-studies the therapeutic and toxic effects on the organ systems of the body
-the drug effects on the body determines the drugs' efficacy, potency, and therapeutic ratio
-concerned with mechanism of action, drug interactions, and structure-activity relationships
-parameters of pharmacodynamics is better understood by studying the dose-response curves and drug receptors
Dose-response curves
-relationship between the drug dose and the pharmacologic effect on the organ systems of the body
-extrapalating information from the dose-response curve allows for the following parameters:
efficacy: the maximal pharmacological effect of a particular drug on the body
median effective dose (ED 50): dose of a given drug required to create a given effect in 50% of the population
median lethal dose (LD50): dose of a given drug that leads to death in 50% of the population
therapeutic index ratio of median lethal dose: median effective dose (LD50: ED50)
Drug receptors
-macromolecules which interacts with a drug to facilitate a charecteristic intracellular change
-mechanism of action generally depends on the drug interacting with the receptor
Agonist: endogenous and or exogenous substances which bind directly to receptors and create direct cellular changes in physiology
-endogenous agonist (ex. hormone)
-exogenous agonist (drug)
Antagonist: endogenous and or exogenous substance which bind to the receptor however do not create a direct cellular change
Competitive antagonist: reversibly binds to receptors that can be displaced by higher concentrations of agonist
Noncompetitive antagonist: irreversible binding to receptors such that even higher concentrations of agonist does not reverse blockade
PHARMACODYNAMICS: how the drug effects the body
Listen to Audio
-studies the therapeutic and toxic effects on the organ systems of the body
-the drug effects on the body determines the drugs' efficacy, potency, and therapeutic ratio
-concerned with mechanism of action, drug interactions, and structure-activity relationships
-parameters of pharmacodynamics is better understood by studying the dose-response curves and drug receptors
Dose-response curves
-relationship between the drug dose and the pharmacologic effect on the organ systems of the body
-extrapalating information from the dose-response curve allows for the following parameters:
efficacy: the maximal pharmacological effect of a particular drug on the body
median effective dose (ED 50): dose of a given drug required to create a given effect in 50% of the population
median lethal dose (LD50): dose of a given drug that leads to death in 50% of the population
therapeutic index ratio of median lethal dose: median effective dose (LD50: ED50)
Drug receptors
-macromolecules which interacts with a drug to facilitate a charecteristic intracellular change
-mechanism of action generally depends on the drug interacting with the receptor
Agonist: endogenous and or exogenous substances which bind directly to receptors and create direct cellular changes in physiology
-endogenous agonist (ex. hormone)
-exogenous agonist (drug)
Antagonist: endogenous and or exogenous substance which bind to the receptor however do not create a direct cellular change
Competitive antagonist: reversibly binds to receptors that can be displaced by higher concentrations of agonist
Noncompetitive antagonist: irreversible binding to receptors such that even higher concentrations of agonist does not reverse blockade
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Pharmacodynamics is the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs on the body or on microorganisms or parasites within or on the body and the mechanisms of drug action and the relationship between drug concentration and effect. Thanks a lot.
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